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post office
A post office is a customer service facility forming part of a national postal system.〔Private courier and delivery services often have offices as well, although these are not usually called "post offices" except in the case of Germany which has fully privatized its national system.〕 Post offices offer mail-related services such as acceptance of letters and parcels; provision of post office boxes; and sale of postage stamps, packaging, and stationery. In addition, many post offices offer additional services: providing and accepting government forms (such as passport applications), processing government services and fees (such as road tax), and banking services (such as savings accounts and money orders). The chief administrator of a post office is a postmaster.
Prior to the advent of postal and ZIP codes, postal systems would route items to a specific post office for receipt or delivery. In 19th-century America, this often led to smaller communities being renamed after their post offices, particularly after the Post Office Department ceased to permit duplicate station names within a state.〔United States Postal Service. "(What's in a (Post Office) Name? )" August 2008. Accessed 2 October 2013.〕
==Name==
The term "post office" or "post-office"〔Webster, Noah. ''American Dictionary of the English Language'', "(post-house )". Accessed 2 October 2013.〕 has been in use since the 1650s,〔Harper, Douglas. ''Online Etymology Dictionary'', "(post office )". 2013. Accessed 2 October 2013.〕 shortly after the legalization of private mail service in England in 1635.〔The British Postal Museum and Archive. "(The Secret Room )". 2011. Accessed 2 October 2013.〕 In early Modern England, post riders mounted couriers were placed ("posted"〔Harper (2013), "(post )". Accessed 2 October 2013.〕) every few hours along post roads at "posting houses" or "post houses" between major cities ("post towns"). These stables or inns permitted important correspondence to travel without delay. In early America, post offices were also known as "stations". This term and "post house" fell from use as horse and coach service was replaced by railways, aircraft, and automobiles.
Today, "post office" usually refers to postal facilities providing customer service. The term "General Post Office" is sometimes used for the national headquarters of a postal service, even if it does not provide customer service within the building. A postal facility used exclusively for processing mail is instead known as sorting office or delivery office, which may have a large central area known as a "sorting" or "postal hall". Integrated facilities combining mail processing with railway stations or airports are known as mail exchanges.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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